Course governor for dirigible crafts



Aug; 4, 1936. lP. ORLANDO 2,050,017

COURSE GOVERNOR FOR DRIGIBLE CRAFTS Fiied Nov. 26, 1934 2 Sheets-Sheet l' Aug.4, 1936. R ORLANDO '2,050,017

COURSE GOVERNOR FOR DTRIGIBLE CRAFTS Y Filed Nof. 2e, 1954 2 sheets-sheet 2 ill-fa r ny.

Patented Aug. 4, 1936 Paolo Orlando, Fiume, Italy, assignor to Sluriicio Whitehead Di Fiume Socit. Anomina,

Fiume, Italy Application November 26, 1934, Serial No. 754,890 In Italy December 12, 1933 28 Claims.

This invention relates to gyroscopic governors for dirigible craft, as aircraft, watercraft, torpedoes and vehicles of any kind.

Gyroscopic governors are known which are intended to hold the course of a craft in a predetermined direction, and devices are also known which are designed to restore a craft to a predetermined direction when it has deviated therefrom; however in the operation of such known -devices the disspacement, from the initial path, due to the manuvering curve travel which the craft is caused to followin its restoration to the original direction, is maintained, and therefore the actual course, although parallel to the predevtermined course, is spaced therefrom on account of the deviations the craft has been subject to during its travel.

As a matter of fact, the known gyroscopic governors cause a craft to move along a course which is parallel with the desired one and spaced therefrom through variable and luncontrolled amounts rather than along ra desired predetermined course. f K

This invention has for its object a device enabling a craft to be held not only in a predetermined direction but actually on a predetermined course or path of travel, and to be -restored von such a predetermined course whenever said craft has deviated therefrom.

AccordingA to this invention a craft having a rudder and a governor therefor, is provided with means acting on the rudder steering gear and put under the control of the amount, direction and duration'ofthe angular deviation of the craft from the course it is required to 'travel along, said means introducing in' the rudder steering gear a correcting-factor which depends upon the amount, the duration and the direction of said deviation in respect of the beginning, duration and direction of its action; said correcting factor may also be put under the controlof the listing the craft may take when it starts its travel under particular conditions.

When the deviation of the craft with respect to the desired course reaches or exceeds a predetermined amount, said correcting factor acts to delay the restoring action exerted by the gyroscopic director on the rudder; thus the time through which the rudder is held shifted and therefore the duration and extent of its approach path are extended by such an amount as the rudder is subsequently shifted by its `gyru-A termined direction and on the line of path passp ing through its starting position.

vWhen the craft is on correct direction and line of path, the course governing action, which consists in shifting the rudder on opposite sides to carry the craft on the correct direction should it deviate therefrom by effect of external causes, is devoted to the gyroscopic director exclusively, but whenever the amount of deviation from the initial line of travel vexceeds a predetermined value, said correcting factor is again made operative and the craft yis restored on its initial line of path by the above described operation.

An embodiment of this invention is hereinafter described in connection with the course` governing means of a torpedo, with reference to annexed drawings in which Figure 1 is a fragmentary vertical section of the aft portion of the shell of a torpedo with the means of this invention embodied therein;

Figure 2'is a similar horizontal section;

Figure 3 is a transverse section on line 3--3 of Figures 1 and 2;

Figure 4 shows in `detail and to an enlarged scale the means of this invention with parts in section, and

Figure 5 is a diagrammatic enlarged View of parts of said means.

In the illustrated embodiment 52 is the shell of a torpedo having propelling means not shown and a rudder 53 supported by tail fm 54 and operated by crank lever 55, bar 56, lever 51 and rod 58 this rod having a fork head 59 reciproeating in a guide member 60 and operated by a rod I2 hereinafter described.

The torpedo is also provided with a depth '-rudder 6I whose operating means are not shown nor a gyroscopic director 62 whose rotor 5| is mounted in gimbal rings 63 and 64 suitably supported in conventional and well known manner; A-A denotes the spinning axis of said rotor 5I and I shows the axis of the vertical trunnions of its vertical gimbal ring, said trunnion being omitted in Figure 4 to make more clear the operation.

Said vertical ring 53 has an eccentric crank pin 2 which actuates a rod 1 operating the distributor 6 of a pressure uid servo-motor comprising a cylinder 4 and a piston 5 therein; the stem of said piston 5 actuates an arm Il fulcrumed at 9 and driving rod I2 which has one end pivotally connected at Ill with arm 8 while its rear end actuates the fork head 59 and the directional rudder 53 'as above referred to.

The piston 5 is operated by a pressurefluid supplied through a pipe 39 connected with any suitable source of pressure iluid, not shown, said supply being made-under the control of a discollars 65, 66 and ducts 51, 6B, 69, 10, causes 'I'he course governor of the torpedo comprises v tributor B whichI by meansv of its distributingy the fluid to operate on either face of piston 5 60 and exhausts it on the opposite piston face in accordance with the position imparted to said distributor 6.

while being loose in rotation with respect there- The ring 63 has a further crank pin 3 which operates a linkage consisting of rods 34 and 36 interconnected by a pivot 35 as hereinafter described; said linkage actuates` a distributor 32 having collars 1| and 12 which control ducts 13, 14, 15, 16 of a second servo-motor 38 also operated by pressure fluid supplied through pipe line 39, 39'; the piston 3| of servomotorV 30 actuates an arm of a crank lever 40 fulcrumed on a stationary part 4| fast on the torpedo shell; the other arm of said crank lever 40 is pivotally connected with a head 42.

A spindle 29 is engaged longitudinally 'at one end with said head 42 as by means of collars'11,

The spindle 2s is spnned to slide lengitudin'auy i within the bored hub 22 of a bevel pinion 22 loose in support 43 while being 4engaged in rotation with said-hub to be driven by pinion 22; bevelV pinion l22 meshes with a bev'el pinion 2| whose bored hub 2| is loose in the stationary support 43 and has a screwthread 2|" in its bore. A screwthreaded stem 2l) is engaged within the bore of hub 2I; said stem 20 is prevented from rotating around its axis and has a finger 23 adapted to cooperate with a rocker 24-25 fulcrumed at 25".

The rocker 2.4-25 comprises a recess 25' and two wings 24 extending at the sides of said recess in the direction of stem 2li; said recess 25 and wings 24 are intended to cooperate with finger 23 the edge of said wings 24 being shaped as illustrated to obtain that when finger 23 acts on the rocker the recess 25 thereof adjacent its fulcrum 25" said rocker is caused to oscillate around such fulcrum while rocker 24, 25 is left stationary when said finger 23 moves along the edges of rocker wings 24.after oscillated.

Rocker 25 is fast with an arm 44 pivotally connected at 45 with the rod of a distributor |9 of a third servo-motor cylinder |1 supplied by pipe line 39 and whose piston I8 actuates by the intermediate of rack bar I4 and pinion I5,

a` locking quadrant II6 solid with spindle 49 of pinion I5 said spindle 49 being loose in a stationary support; said distributor I9- comprises collars 18 and 19 controlling passages 80, 8|, 82,'

83, 84. Said locking quadrant I6 may take positions at right angles on both sides with respect to its intermediate position illustrated on the .drawings to come in front to either oftwo abutments consisting of concentric adjusting screws I3 carried by respective legs of a fork extending from` arm-8.

The lost motion intermediate the end of each abutment I3 and the depressed hub portion I6' of4 quadrant I6 corresponds with the maximum steering angle permissible for the rudder while the radius of the quadrant I6 is such as when the rim of said quadrant is carriedin the path of the abutments I3, it stops either of said abutments I3 with the rudder operating parts 'connected therewith at a distance from their position by which the rudder is held in straight path position, such distance corresponding with a steering angle at least equivalent with the inertia angle of the torpedo or momentum angle.

The roller 28 is located intermediate two friction disks 21, 21 concentric with each other and bevel pinion 46 solid with the rotor of a pressure fluid rotary motor 26 supplied from line 39; the spindle 29 is located along a diameter of disks 21, 21, and therefore when it is shifted longitudinally the points of contact of roller 28 with'disks 21, 21 are shifted along said diameter of said disks. y

In normal conditions, that is when the spinning axis Aof rotor 5I of the gyroscopic director is parallel with the axis of" the torpedo shell, the parts are in the conditions' illustrated in Figure 4, that is:- the pistons 5, I8 and'3I of servomotors 4, I1, and 30 are -in the middle portion of their stroke -within respective cylinders, the distributors 6, 'I9 and 32 are in position to cut off all the ducts respectively controlled thereby and the roller 28 is on the common rotary axis of the two disks 21, 21 which are driven in continuous rotation by the motor 26 and therefore said`roller 28 is stationary.

When a deviation through a certain angle occurs intermediate the spinning axis Aof the rotor 5| of the gyroscopic director and the torpedo axis, due to the Well known action of gyroscopic-directors producing a vdeviation of ring 63 the crank pin 2 is shifted with respect to the torpedo shell and parts solid therewith, then the -distributor 6 of the servomotor 4 is shifted and pressure fluid is supplied fromv pipe 39 into either of chambers of said cylinder 4 through respective ducts; therefore piston 5 is shifted along said cylinderand arm 8 is caused to oscillate around pivot 9 and finally rod I2 is moved through arm 8- to steer the torpedo rudder by the intermediate of parts 59, 58,'51, 56, 55, 53 through an angle as required to restore the torpedo in correct direction.

' At the same time as crankpin 2, also crank pin 3 solid with ring 63 is shifted and said crank pin 3 moves the distributor slide 32 of the servomotor 30; then the pressure fluid supplied "Dy4 line 39 is fed -through respective passages which at such time are cleared off by collars 1I and- 12 of distributor 32 to either of chambers of cylinder 30 and piston 3| is moved in either direction. Y

The longitudinal motion of said piston 3| causes the oscillation in either direction of crank lever 40 around its stationary fulcrum 4| `therefore the spindle 29 is moved longitudinally said spindle. sliding in the bored hub 22 of pinion 22 and causing the roller 28 to contact with rotary disks 21, 21 at a certain distance from their rotary4 axis in either direction, along the diameter on which said spindle 29 is located.

Therefore during the time in which the axis of the torpedo is at an angle with respect to spinning axis A of the rotor of the gyroscopic director-the roller 28 is.driveninrotationby the disks 21, 21 with a velocity proportional to the angle existing between the torpedo axis and rotor spinningv axis A above referred to, bearing in mind that the spacement of roller 28 from rotary axis of disks 21, 21 along a diameter of saidl disks is proportional with said' deviation; therefore pinion 2| and hub 2|' thereof are driven in rotation by pinion 22 and the stem 20 is shifted with finger 23 causing the rocker 24--25 to oscillate around its fulcrum 25".

Then the arm 44 of said rocker 24-25 shifts the distributor I9 to cause the pressure fluid to enter a chamberand to exhaust from the other chamber of cylinder I1; the piston I8 is thus actuated to move quadrant I6 by the intermediate of rack bar I4 and pinion I5 until said-quadrant is in either of its positions at a right angle with respect to its central position illustrated in Figure 4. l

The. construction and arrangement of the several gearsis such as the quadrant i6 is always rotated to come in front of that one of the abutments I3 which, due to the described operation of piston has moved away from the axis of rotation of pivot spindle 49 of said quadrant.

Quadrant I6 takes an exceedingly short time to reach its position at a right angle to the illustrated one; meanwhile roller 28 is held spaced from axis lof disks 21, 21 along the full time through which the torpedo is deviated from the direction it must travel along and' therefore said roller 28 is rotated and it drives in rotation. through gearing 22, 2|, the hub 2i' which in turn shifts longitudinally stem whose finger l23, after having oscillated the rocker through an angle as required to produce the angular deviation of quadrant I6, slides along the edge of one of wings 24.

Therefore, said rocker after having moved the quadrant I6, is left stationary and allows for the free longitudinal motion of stem 20 and finger 23 which move from their intermediate position through a space proportionalA with the number of revolutions the roller 28is rotated through.

When, during the curve travel it effects under action of rudder 53, the torpedo has reached the direction it is required to subsequently follow, and therefore the spinning axis A is again parallel with the torpedo axis, ring 63 and crank pins 2 and 3 thereof are restored in their original .positions and therefore the distributor 32 comes again in its intermediate position the piston 3l of servomotor cylinder being also restored in itsintermediate position; said piston 3lby the intermediate of arm I0 'causes the roller 23 to come exactly on the axis of disks 2 1, 21 and thus-said roller 28 is now stationary. Then also stem 20 is stationary and inger 23 is stopped at the end of the stroke it has moved due to the described operation thus holding distributor I! and quadrant i6 in the vposition they have reached., d A

At this time crank pin 2 hasVv taken up its normal intermediate position and therefore distributor 6 is also in its intermediate position in which the several ducts controlled thereby are shut; exhaust from both chambers of the cylinder 4 is shut and therefore piston 5 is left stationary at the end of itsstroke it has reached in its previous operation as described; consequently the rudder is held fully steered on proper side andtherefore the torpedo prosecutes its curve travel towards its original path.

When the torpedo has passed the point in such travel in which its axis is parallel with the desired course and is at an angle to such course equal to torpedo angle of inertia with respect to action of its rudder, the gyroscopic director is againoperative and the distributor 6 reverses the supply and exhaust of pressure duid to and from cylinder l: therefore the piston 5 is shifted and it oscillates the arm I to `move the rudder operating rod l2 and to steer the rudder unto reverse side; imder the action of distributor 6 the piston 5 would eiiect its full stroke and reach the opposite end of cylinder l to fully steer the rudder on the reverse side with respect to previously existing conditions but such an operation ofl said piston i is prevented because after a certain of piston 5 and arm l, one' of abutment screws i3 of fork ii solid with arm 8, according to the side on which the rudder was previously steered, engages the quadrant i5 which has been moved as described towards said abutmentv screw Athrough 90 with respect to illustrated position and is held in such deviated position by effect of the described operation.v

Accordingly said quadrant i5 locks the parts 8, 5, I I, i2 in a position by which said parts hold the rudder 53 steered on the side it had previously been steered, and through an angle whose extent depends upon the radius of the quadrant I6; therefore said angle of steer is smaller than the angle of steer corresponding with the torpedo deviation inV respect of which said quadrant I6 would be operated. Therefore the rudder 53 is held steered at a certain angle on the same side as before and the torpedo travel is still steered as before and thus it further deviates with respect to the predetermined direction of its course while moving towards the Apredetermined path it is required to follow.

The operation of the gyroscopic governor due Y to the above described further deviation causes the crank pin'3 to move and to actuate distributor 32 in a'direction opposed to the previous one; .Y

therefore the piston 3l is shifted and brings the roller 28 to cooperate with-the portions of disks 21 which are on the opposite side, with respect to diameter of such disks perpendicular to spindie 29to the portions thereof said roller 28 was cooperating with in previous operation. Therefore roller 2li is driven in a reverse direction with respect to previous one; accordingly said roller 28 drives in reverse direction through gears 22, 2|, the hub 2l' which moves the stem 20 and inger 23 longitudinally in reverse direction.

Therefore finger 23 slides towards its `intermediate position along the edge of either of wings 2l, said edge being parallel to the path of said finger in view of described configuration of rocker wings 2l. At the time the roller 28 has moved in this reverse direction of rotary motion a number of revolutions equal to number of revolutions it has previously moved' through ating cylinder towards which it is moved byA pressure iiuid; said piston 5 by arm I and rod I2 steers the rudder 53 on the reverse side with takes again its interi piston I8 and allows the piston 5 respect to that it was steered on due to the deviation of the'tarpedo and thus produces a deviation of the torpedo in opposite direction than before under arudder angle equal to that previously impartedto said rudder under the action of quadrant I6.

When the torpedo deviates beyond the predetermined directionthrough an angle equal to its inertia angle, the of crank pins 2 and 3 are again reversed, and the piston 5 'is carried by eiiect of the operation of the distributor 6 at the opposite end of cylinder l and thus the rudderisfullysteeredbecausenger 23 doesnot release recess 25' of rocker 2425 in respect of deviations of the torpedo lying within given ranges of duration and angle and therefore said rocker follows always directly the motion of nnger 23 within such ranges ahd quadrant I6 is not locked to engage the abutment I3 in front of it; in other words, within said ranges of duration and angle of torpedo ldeviations the quadrant I6 oscillates in opposite directions within the space free intermediate theA abutments I3 without engaging them in view of the dimensioning of the space intermediate the opposite abutments I3 and angular extent of quadrant I6. Then the` torpedo oscillates around and finally reaches a path having the predetermined direction and passing through the point where the torpedo has started its course.

However, should the extent or duration of any deviation during such oscillation exceed given values, the parts 3, -32, 3|, 40, 22, 28, 25, I9, I8, Il, Ii actuating the quadrant I6 and stopping lit in front of either of abutments I3 are again given ranges.

It is known that torpedoes at the beginning `of their course are subject to a large listing due to causes independent from the rudder actions, the amount of such listing being related with the torpedo speed and occurring always clockwise. Due to such listing action, during the changes in direction produced by rudder action, such rudder does not longer develop its full action, but only such action as,

depending upon the vertical component of its action under such conditions while the horizontal or depth rudder becomes operative on the steering action on account of the vertical component its action takes in listing conditions; on the other hand as usually at the beginning of its course torpedoes have their depth rudder locked in a stationary position against operation, said vertical component of the depth rudder action is always yoperative in the same direction. On the rudder 53 operating to steer the torpedo right hand the action of the depth rudder is antagonistic to that of said rudder 53 and the path has a larger radius while during a left hand steer action the actions of depth rudder and Idirectional rudder add to each other and said path has a shorter radius.

The course governor of this invention includes a .provision hereinafter described which is intended to account for the above stated action,

in view of the fact that both in high speed l launchings and in angled` ones (that is when the torpedo is launched in a; direction making a selected angle with respect to the final line of path therefor) the torpedo deviations from the line on which it is launched occur particularly at the beginning of the torpedo travel.

Such a provision` is illustrated in Figure which is a diagrammatic fragmentary view showing a portionof the device of Figure 4.

The crank pin 3 (Figure 5) in this construction is notwlonger located on the radius around axisl I which is at right angles with respect to axis of distributor '32. and on the contrary it isl located on a radius which makes a'n angle with iii-st radius' above referred to; further the lcrank pin 3 and the. distributor 32 are coupled by .means of bars 34, 30 fulcrumed on pivot 35 which is mounted on an arm 33 fr ec to oscillate tributor slide 32 is equal to :r' whilst such av stroke is equal to y'4 in respect of deviations through the same angle in .the direction of arrow y;- the ratio between 'said strokes has the same value in respect of. deviations through smaller angles.

Consequently the strokes of piston 3i in the opposite directions are held in the same ratio and the same remark applies to strokesl of roller 28 with respect to axis of disks 21; therefore different numbers of revolutions and different strokes of finger 23 are obtained which impart different durations to periods of time along' which the quadrant I6 holds the rudder steered under a certain angle on a side and onthe opposite one.

More particularly if the arrangement is such as to cause the rudder 53 to be held at an angle along a longer time when torpedo is steered right hand and along a shorter time .when torpedo is steered left hand, said times being in a ratio corresponding with the ratio existing between areas actually confined between the predetermined path for the torpedo and the curve line it actually follows in respective cases, the torpedo is automatically restored in both cases on its original line of launching or, generally speaking, on a predetermined line.

Means may be provided for adjusting crank pin 3 angularly with respect to axis I and said means may comprise a cylindrical. support 85 carrying said crank pin 3 and adiustable in a seat of ring 63 and having set means as a screw 86 to lock it in desired position.v

Crank pin 3 may also be adjustable radially inv saidl support 8 5 say by it being mounted in a radial slot 81 of said support 85`with means, as screw means, for locking it in desired position along said slot.

The present invention has been described by way of example in connectiony with an embodiment thereof in a torpedo, but of-course, it may be embodied, with obvious modifications, to dirigible crafts of any kind, as aircrafts, ships and self-propelling vehicles generally. Y

\What I claim as my invention and desire to secure as United AStates Letters Patent is:

1. A course governor for dirigible craft comv prising a rudder,means f or steering saidI rudder,

-along a diameter of said rotary member in drive-receiving engagement therewith, and means operated by said gyroscopic director -to shift said actuating member along its traverse path through a space from thev rotary axis of said rotary member proportional with the de' viation of 'said gyroscopic director due to' a deviation of said craft from a predetermined path therefor and with duration of said deviation.

steering means. correcting means acting on said rudder steering means, a constant speed motor, a disk driven by said constant speed motor, a roller actuating said correcting means and arranged to traverse along a diameter of said disk in drive-receiving engagement therewith, and means operated by said gyroscopic director to shift said roller along its traverse path through a space from the rotary axis of said disk proportional with the deviation of saidegyroscopic director due to adeviation of said craft from a predetermined path therefor and with duration of said deviation.

3. lA course governor for dirigible craft comprising a rudder, means for steering said rudder, a gyroscopic director controlling said rudder steering means, correcting means acting on said rudder steering means, control means actuated by said gyroscopic director and operating said correcting means, said control means including a control member operative on said c recting means, a rotary member driven in a constant speed rotation, a member arranged to traverse along a diameter of said rotary member in drivereceiving engagement therewith, means coupling said control member with said traversing member for its actuation thereby, and means operated by said gyroscopic director to shift said traversing member along its traverse path through a space from the rotary axis of said rotary member proportional with the deviation of said gyroscopic director due to a deviation of said craft from a predetermined path therefor.

respect of movements of said traversing member in the region of its position in register with the- 4. A course governor for dirigible craft comprising a rudder, means for steering said rudder, a gyroscopic director controlling said rudder steering means correcting means acting on said rudder steeringvmeans, control means actuated by said gyroscopic director and operating said correcting means. said control lmeans including a control member operative on said correcting means, a rotary member driven in a constant speed rotation, a member arranged to traverse along a diameter of said rotary member in drive-receiving engagement therewith, means coupling said control memberI with said traversing member for its actuation thereby said coupling means including a part on said member and a part actuated by said traversing member, and cooperating means on said two parts engaging them directly with each other in axis of said rotary member and releasing them from each other in respect of movements of said traversing member beyond said region, and means operated by said gyroscopic director to shift said traversing member along its traverse path through a space from the rotary' axis of said rotary member proportional with the deviation of said gyroscopic director de to a deviation of said craft from ay predetermined path therefor.

5.A Ay course governor for dirigible craft comprising a rudder, means for steering said rudder, a gyroscopic director controlling said rudder .steering means, correcting means acting on said rudder steering means, control means actuated by said gyroscopic director and operating said correcting means, said control means including a control member operative on said correcting means, a rotary member driven in a constant speed rotation.. a member arrangedto traverse along a diameter of said rotary member in drive-receiving engagement therewith, means coupling said control member with said traversing member for its actuation thereby said coupling means including a rocking member operative on said correcting means and having an engaging seat intermediate two release portions 5 and a finger actuated by said traversing member saidnger engaging said seat for oscillating said rocking member and being loosely movable along said release portions of the same and means operated by said gyroscopic director to shift said traversing member along its traverse path through a space from the rotary axis of said rotary member proportional with the deviation of said gyroscopic director due toa deviation of said craft from a predetermined path 15 therefor.

6. A course governor for dirigible craft comprising a rudder, means for steering. said rudder, a gyroscopic director controllingy said rudder steering means,` correcting means acting on 20 said rudder steering means and including a removable stop cooperating with said rudder steering means to lock said steering means and rudder at an angle with respect to the straight way position of said rudder, control means actuated .25 by said gyroscopic director and operating said correcting means, said control means including a control member operative on said correcting means, a rotary member driven in a constantl speed rotation, a member arranged to traverse along a diameter of said Irotary member in drivereceiving engagement therewith, means coupling said control member with said traversing member for itsA actuation Athereby said coupling means including a part on said member and a part actuated by said traversing member, and cooperating means on said two parts engaging them directly with each other in respect of movements of said traversing member in the region of its position in register withthe axis of said rotary member and releasing them from each other in respect of movements of said traversing member beyond said region, andmeans operated by said gyroscopic director to shift said traversing member along its traverse path through a `space from the rotary axis of said rotary member proportional with the deviation of said gyroscopic director due to a deviation of said craft from a predetermined path therefor.

'1. A course governor for dirigible craft comprising a rudder, means for steering said-rudder, a gyroscopicA director controlling said rudder steering means, correcting means acting on said rudder 'steering means and including-a removable stop cooperating with said rudder steering means to lock said steering means and rudder at an-angle on either side with respect to the straight way position of said rudder, control4 means actuated by said gyroscopic director and operating saidv correcting means, said control 50 means including a control member operative on said correcting means, a rotary memberdriven in a constant speed rotation, a member arranged to traverse along a diameter of said rotary member in drive-receiving engagement therewith, means coupling said control member with said traversing'member for its'actuation thereby said coupling means including a part, on said member and a part actuated by said traversing member, and cooperating means on said two parts engaging them directly with each other lin respect of movements of said traversing member in the region of its position in register with the axis of said rotary member and releasing them t from each other in respect of movements of saidtraversing member beyond said region, and

. means operated by said gyroscopic director to shift-said traversing member along its traverse path througha space from the rotary axis of said rotary member proportional with the deviation of said gyroscopic director due to a deviation of said craft from a predetermined path therefo' 8. A course governor for dirigible craft comprising a rudder, means for steering said rud, der, a gyroscopic director controlling said rudder steering means, correcting means including an oscillatable stop quadrant and means on said rudder steering means for engagement with said oscillatable stop quadrant when it is moved oif from an intermediate inoperative position, control means `actuated by said gyroscopic director and operating said quadrant, said control means including a control member operative on said correcting means, a rotary member driven in a constant speed rotation, a member arranged to traverse along a diameter of said rotary member in drive-receiving engagement therewith, means coupling said control member with said traversing member for its actuation thereby said coupling means including a part on said member and a part actuated by said traversing member, co-

operating lmeans on said two parts engagingthem directly with each other in respect of move- -ments of said traversing member in the region of its position in register with the axis of said rotary member and releasing themfr'om each other in respect of movements of said traversing member beyond said region, and means operated by said gyroscopic director toV shiftsaid traversing member along its traverse path through a space from the rotary axis of said rotary member proportional with the deviation of said gyroscopic director due to a devia-tion of 'said craft from a predetermined path therefor.

9. A course governor for dirigible craft comprising a rudder, means for steering said rudder, a gyroscopic director controlling said rudder steering means, correcting means including an oscillatable stop quadrant, a fork shaped member in said rudder steering means embracing said quadrant and means on the ends of said fork for engagement with said quadrant, control means actuated by said gyroscopic' director and operating said quadrant, said control means including a control member operative on said correcting means, a rotary member driven in a constant speed rotation, a member arranged to traverse along' a diameter of said rotary member in drive-receiving engagement therewith, means coupling said control member with said traversing member for its'actuation thereby said coupling means including a part on said member and a part actuated by 'said traversing member, cooperating meansl on said two parts engaging them directly with each other in respect of movements of said traversing member in the region of its position in register with the axis of said rotary member and releasing them from each other in respect of movements of said-traversing member beyond said region,

. and means operated by said gyroscopic director to shift said traversing member along its traverse path through a space from the rotary axis of said rotary member proportional with the deviation of said gyroscopic director due to a deviation' or said craft from apredetermined lpath therefor.

, Aing them 'from each other in respect of move- 10. A course governor for dirigible craft comprising a rudder, means for steering said rudder, a gyroscopic director controlling said rudder steering means, correcting means including an oscillatable stop quadrant, a fork shaped member in said rudder steering means embracing said quadrant and independently adjustable means on the ends of said fork for engagement with said quadrant, control means actuated by said gyroscopic director and operating said quadl rant, said control means including a control member operative on said correcting means, a rotary member driven in a constant speed rotation, a member arranged vto traverse along a diameter of said rotary member in drive-receiv- 1 ing engagementtherewith, means coupling said control member with said traversing member for its actuation thereby said coupling means including a part on said member and a part actuated by said traversing member, cooperating means on said two parts engaging them directly with each other in respect of movements of said traversing member in the region of its position in register with the axis of said rotary member and releasments of said traversing member beyond said region, and means operated by said gyroscopic director to shift said traversing member along its traverse path through a space from the rotary axis of said rotary member proportional with" the deviation of said gyroscopic director due to a deviation of said craft from a predetermined path therefor.

11. A course governor for dirigible craft comprising a rudder, servomotor means for steering said rudder, a gyroscopic director controlling said rudder steering means, correcting meansl acting on said rudder steering means, control means actuated by said gyroscopic director and operating said correcting means, said control means including a control member operative on said correcting means, a rotary member driven4 in a constant speed rotation, a member arranged to traverse along a diameter o f said rotary member in drive-receiving engagement therewith, means coupling said control member with said traversing member for its actuation thereby, and

means operated by said gyroscopic director to shift said traversing member along its traverse path through a space from the rotary axis of said rotary member proportional with the deviation of said gyroscopic director due to a deviation of said craft from a predetermined path therefor.

l2. A course governor for dirigible craft comprising a rudder, means for steering said rudder, a gyroscopic director controlling said rudder steering means, correcting means acting on said rudder steering means, servomotor controll means actuated by said gyroscopic director and operating said correcting means, said control means including a control member operative on said correcting means, a rotary member driven in a constant speed rotation,.a member arranged to traverse along a diameter of said rotary member 65 in drive-receiving engagement therewith, means coupling said control member with said traversing member for its actuation thereby, and means operated by said gyroscopic director to shift said traversing member along its traverse path 13. A course'governor for dirigible craft com- 75 prising a rudder, means for steering said rudder, l

a gyroscopic director controlling said rudder steering means, correcting means acting on said rudder steering means, control means operating said lcorrecting means, a transmission gear intermediate said gyroscopic director and said control means, said transmission gear making the amount of actuation of said control means upon said craft deviating on one side different with respect of the amount of similar actuation upon said craft deviating on the other side, said control'means including a control 'member opera'- tive on said correcting means, a rotary member driven in a constant speed rotation, a member arranged to traverse along a diameter of said rotary member in drive-receiving engagement therewith, means coupling said control member with said traversing member for its actuation thereby, and means operated by said gyroscopic director to shift said traversing member along its traverse path through a space from the rotary axis of said rotary member. proportional with the deviation of said gyroscopic director due to a deviation of said craft from a predetermined path therefor.

14. A course governor for dirigible craft corn-l prising a rudder, means for steering said rudder, a gyroscopic director controlling said rudder steering means, correcting means acting on said rudder steering means, control means operating said correcting means, a linkage connected with said control means, a crank pin on said gyroscopic director operating said linkage and eccentric with respect to the vertical axis of deviation of said gyroscopic director, said crank pin being angularly offset with respect' to radius from said axis which is perpendicular to the fore-and-aft axis of said craft, said control means including a control member operative on said correcting means, a rotary member driven in a constant speed rotation, a member arranged to traverse along a diameter of said rotary member in drive-receiving engagement therewith, means coupling said control member with said traversing member for its actuation thereby, and means operated by said gyroscopic director to shift said traversing member along its traverse path through a space from the rotary axis of said rotary member proportional with the deviation of said gyroscopic director due to a deviation of said. craft from a predetermined path therefor.

15. A course governor for dirigible craft comprising a rudder, means for steering said rudder.

a gyroscopic director controlling said rudder steering means, correcting means acting on said rudder steering means, control means operating said correcting means, a linkage connected with said control means, a crank pin on said gyroscopic director operating said linkage and eccenment therewith, means coupling saidcontrol.

member with said traversing member for its actuation thereby, and means operated by said gyroscopic director to shift said traversing member along its traverse path through a space from the rotary axis of said rotary member proportional with the deviation of said gyroscopic director due to a deviation of said craft from a predetermined path therefor.

,16. A course governor for dirigible craft comprising a rudder, means for steering said rudder, a gyroscopic director controlling said rudder steering means, correcting means acting on said rudder steering means, control means operating said correcting means, a linkage connected with said control means, a crank pin on said gyroscopic director operating said linkage and eccentric with respect to the vertical axis of deviation of said gyroscopic director, said crank pin being angularly offset withA respect to radius from said axis which is perpendicular to the fore-and-aft axis of said craft, said linkage comprising a pivot pin interconnecting two subsequent parts thereof and means for adjusting the position of said pivot pin, said control means including a control member operative on said correcting means, a rotary member driven in a constant speed rotation, a. member arranged to traverse along a diameter of said rotary member in drive-receiving engagement therewith, means coupling said control member with said traversing member for y its actuation thereby, and means operated by said gyroscopic director to shift said traversing member along its traverse path through a space from the rotary axis of said rotary member proportional with the deviation of said gyroscopic director due to a deviation of said craft from a predetermined path therefor.

17. A course governor for dirigible craft comprising a rudder-,.meansfor steering said rudder, a gyroscopic director controlling said rudder steering means, means-for locking said rudder steering means and rudder at an angle on either side from'the straight Way position of said rudder, control means forcarrying said locking means in and out of locking position, a part mounted to move on both sides from an intermediate position, means for moving saidpart with respect to its intermediate position to an extent proportional with the deviation of said gyroscopic director due to a deviation of said craft from a predetermined path and with the time said deviation is operative, amember operating said control .means and means operatively engaging said member and part in the region of the motion of said part adjacent to said intermediate position thereof an'd leaving said mem- 'oer unaffected by the movement of said part beyond said region.

18. A course governor for dirigible craft comprisng a rudder, means for steering said rudder, a gyroscopic director controlling said rudder steering means, means for locking said rudder steering means and rudder at an angle on either side from the straight way position of -said rudder, control means for carrying said locking means in and out locking position, a part mourited to move on both sides from an intermediate position, a rotary member, means for driving said rotary member with constant speed, a roller mounted to traverse along a diameter of said rotary member in drive-receiving engagement therewith. a gear operated by said roller and moving said part, means operated-by said gyro scopic director to traverse Asaid roller on said rotary member from' the rotaryaxis of said rotary member through an y,extent proportional with the deviation of said gyroscopic director -with respect to the fore-and-aft axis of said craft, a member operating said control means 'and means operatively engaging said member mediate inoperative position, apart mounted to move on both sides from an intermediate position, means for moving -said part with respect to its intermediate position to an extent proportional with the deviation of said gyroscopic director due to a deviation of said craft from a predetermined path and with the time said deviation is operative, a member operating said control means and means operatively engaging said member and part in the region'of the motion of said part adjacent to said intermediate position thereof and leaving said member unaffected by the movement of said part beyond said region.

20; A course governor for dirigible craft comprising a rudder, means for steering said rudder, a gyroscopic director controlling said rudder steering means, means for locking said rudder steering means and rudder at an angle on either side-from the straight way position of said rudder, control means forlcarrying said locking means in and out of locking position, a part 'mounted to move on both sides from an intermediate position, means for moving said part with respect to its intermediatev position to an Hi'noperative for engagement by said part.

21. A course governor for dirigible craft comprising a rudder, means for steering said rudder, a gyroscopic director controlling said rudder steering means, meansfor locking said rudder steering means and rudder at an angle on either` side from the straight way position of said'rudder, control means for carrying said locking means in and out of locking position, a part mounted to move on'both sides from an intermediate position, means for moving'said part with respect to its intermediate position through extents proportional with the deviation of said gyroscopic director with respect to the fore-andaft axis of said craft and diiferent according to the side on which said deviation occurs, a member operating said control means, and .means operatively engaging said member .andpart in the region of the motion of said `part adjacent to said intermediate position thereof and leaving said member unaffected by the movement of said part beyond said region.

22. A course governor-for dirigible craftcomprising a rudder, means for steering said rudder, a gyroscopic director controlling said rudder steering means, correcting means acting on said rudder steering means for temporarily restricting the returnof said rudder, and means dependent upon the extent and duration of the response of said gyroscopic director for control- .turn of f the rudder until after said craft has ling said return restricting means, said control means leaving said correcting means inoperative in response to deviations of said craft from its course having an extent or a duration less than a predetermined value. 5

23. A course governor for dirigible craft comprising a rudder, means for steering said rudder, a

gyroscopic director controlling said rudder steering means, stop means adapted to cooperate with said rudder steering means during their return, 10

and means actuated by said gyroscopic director and dependent upon the extent and duration of thev respore of said gyroscopic director for bringing said stop means into operative position to restrict the return of said rudder and delay l5 the reversal of rudder steering until said craft has reached itsv previous course.

24. A course governor for dirigible craft comprising a rudder, means for steering said rudder,

a gyroscopic director controlling said rudder 20 steering means, stop means adapted to cooperate with said rudder steering means after a portion of their return stroke, and means actuated by said gyroscopic director and dependent upon the extent and duration of the response of said gyro- 25 scopic director for bringing said stop means into operative position to maintain said rudder shifted through a steer angle less than the preceding steer angle until said craft has reached its previous course. 30

25. A course governor for dirigible craft, comprising a rudder, means for steering said rudder, a gyroscopic director controlling said rudder-steering means, and correcting means acting on said rudder-steering means for restricting the 35 return of the rudder from the deviated position in which it has been carried by said rudderv steering means until said craft reaches the line of its previous course.

26. A course governor for dirigible craft, com- 40 prising a rudder, means for steering said rudder, a gyroscopic director contolling said ruddersteering means, and correcting means acting on said rudder-steering means for restricting the return of'the rudder from the deviated position 45 `in which it has been. carried by said ruddersteering means -until after said craft has reached a direction parallel to its previous course and until said craft reaches the line of its previous course. l

27. A course governor for dirigible craft, comprising a rudder, means' for steering said rudder, a gyroscopic director controlling said ruddersteering means, and correcting means acting on said rudder-steering means for restricting the 55 return of the rudder from the deviated position in which it has been carried .by said ruddersteering means until said craft reaches the line of its previous course, said correcting means being inoperative in response to deviations of said craft from its course having an extent or a duration less than 'a predetermined value.

28. A course governor for dirigible craft, comprising a rudder, means for steering said rudder, a gyroscopic director controlling said rudder-steering means, and correcting means acting on said rudder-steering means and dependent upon the extent and duration of the response of said gyroscopic director for restricting the rereached a direction parallel to the previous course and until 'said craft reaches the line of Said COllrSe.

' a PAoLo ORLANDO. 75 

